Chile country studies




Chile country studies Acknowledgments Preface Historical Setting Precolumbian Civilizations Conquest and Colonization, 1535-1810 The Colonial Economy Bourbon Reforms, 1759-96 Wars of Independence, 1810-18 Civil Wars, 1818-30 Aristocratic Republicanism, 1830-91 The Conservative Era, 1830-61 The Portalian State, 1830-37 Two Conservative Presidencies, 1841-61 The Liberal Era, 1861-91 War of the Pacific, 1879-83 Downfall of a President, 1886-91 Parliamentary Republic, 1891-1925 Urbanization Arturo Alessandri's Reformist Presidency, 1920-25 Military Interventions, 1925-32 Carlos Ib汬z's First Presidency, 1927-31 Mass Democracy, 1932-73 Alessandri's Second Presidency, 1932-38 Popular Front Rule, 1938-41 Juan Antonio R㙦's Presidency, 1942-46 Gabriel Gonzቂz Videla's Presidency, 1946-52 Ibz's Second Presidency, 1952-58 Jorge Alessandri's Rightist Term, 1958-64 Eduardo Frei's Christian Democracy, 1964-70 Salvador Allende's Leftist Regime, 1970-73 Military Rule, 1973-90 Neoliberal Economics The 1980 Constitution The Crisis of 1982 and the Erosion of Military Rule The Society and Its Environment Geography Natural Regions The People Demographic Profile Urban Areas Rural Areas The Labor Force and Income Levels Social Organizations and Associations Welfare Institutions and Social Programs Social Security Health Programs Housing Policies Education Primary and Secondary Education Higher Education Religion and Churches Religion in Historical Perspective Forms of Popular Religiosity Attitudes Toward Family and Gender Family Structure and Attitudes Toward Gender Roles The Economy Evolution of the Economy Economic Policies, 1950-70 The Popular Unity Government, 1970-73 Economic Crisis and the Military Coup The Military Government's Free-Market Reforms, 1973-90 Trade Policy Banking Reform and the Financial Sector Rural Land Market Reform Labor-Market Reform Public Employment Programs The Debt Crisis: Further Reforms and Recovery The Return to Democracy, 1990 The Structure of the Economy Industry and Manufacturing Mining Agriculture Fishing and Forestry Energy Banking and Financial Services Tourism Construction Income, Labor Unions, and the Pensions System Employment and Unemployment Income Distribution and Social Programs Unions and Labor Conflicts Economic Results of the Pensions Privatization The Central Bank and Monetary Policy Government and Politics Constitutional History Imposition of Authoritarian Rule The Constitution of 1980 Authoritarianism Defeated by Its Own Rules The Constitutional Reforms of 1989 State and Government Institutions The Presidency The Legislative Branch The Courts The Autonomous Powers The Constitutional Tribunal The Central Bank of Chile The Electoral Certification Tribunal The Armed Forces Regional and Local Government Parties and the Electoral System The Electoral System The Parties of the Left The Parties of the Center The Parties of the Right The 1993 Presidential Election The Church, Business, Labor, and the Media Business Labor The Media Foreign Relations Relations with the United States General Relations Bibliography

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